{"id":15567,"date":"2025-09-29T00:37:14","date_gmt":"2025-09-28T22:37:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/parametric-design-teatro-abano\/"},"modified":"2025-12-22T10:40:53","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T09:40:53","slug":"parametric-design-abano-theatre-italy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/parametric-design-abano-theatre-italy\/","title":{"rendered":"Parametric design in the reticular structure of the new Theatre in Abano, Padua (IT)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/project\/multi-purpose-facility-padua-italy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new theatre in Abano Terme<\/a> (PD) stands out as a work designed with a light and dynamic roof that interacts with the urban context while ensuring solidity and functionality.<\/p>\n<p>The design challenge focused on defining a <strong>spatial lattice structure with triangular meshes<\/strong>, guided by an irregularly shaped three-dimensional surface with discontinuities.<\/p>\n<p>This was an ambitious goal, requiring the <strong>harmonisation of aesthetics<\/strong>, <strong>construction constraints and structural efficiency<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>To address this, a <strong>parametric design<\/strong> approach was adopted, capable of transforming geometric complexity into a feasible system, optimised and developed through an integrated process involving design, engineering and production. The architectural concept was defined in collaboration with the Municipality of Abano Terme (PD), while the definition of the guide shape and the lattice structure was developed internally and refined to ensure full integration with the systems supplied by <em>Canobbio<\/em> for the fabric and by <em>MERO<\/em> for the metal structure.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a closer look at the application of parametric design and its <strong>advantages<\/strong> in this innovative project.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"btx-item js-item-gallery btx-gallery btx-gallery--carousel\" data-popup=\"true\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-content\" style=\"margin:0 -2px;\" data-display=\"2\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-item btx-col-6\" style=\"padding:0 2px;\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-body\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_02-2.webp\" class=\"btx-gallery-media\"  title=\"\"><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper\" ><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper-inner\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_02-2-1067x800.webp\" alt=\"\"  width=\"1067\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_02-2-1067x800.webp 1067w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_02-2-911x683.webp 911w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_02-2-683x512.webp 683w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_02-2-455x341.webp 455w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_02-2-267x200.webp 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 100vw, 50vw\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"btx-gallery-item btx-col-6\" style=\"padding:0 2px;\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-body\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_03-2.webp\" class=\"btx-gallery-media\"  title=\"\"><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper\" ><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper-inner\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_03-2-1067x800.webp\" alt=\"\"  width=\"1067\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_03-2-1067x800.webp 1067w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_03-2-911x683.webp 911w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_03-2-683x512.webp 683w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_03-2-455x341.webp 455w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_03-2-267x200.webp 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 100vw, 50vw\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>The logic of parametric design<\/h2>\n<p>The starting point was the choice of a spatial lattice structure composed of two overlapping surfaces with triangular meshes connected by diagonal elements.<\/p>\n<p>This solution proved to be the most suitable for ensuring strength, feasibility and cost control, given the formal complexity of the roof.<\/p>\n<p>The<strong> modelling process<\/strong> was developed in several stages:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>definition of the <strong>guide surface<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>definition of the<strong> upper mesh and the sheet<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>definition of the <strong>lower mesh and the connecting diagonals<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a closer look at the approach adopted.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 1000px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('video');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-15567-1\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" poster=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1.webp\" loop autoplay preload=\"auto\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Incide_parametric-tesnile-strucural-design.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Incide_parametric-tesnile-strucural-design.mp4\">https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Incide_parametric-tesnile-strucural-design.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Form finding with Grasshopper and Kangaroo<\/h2>\n<p>The team adopted a parametric form-finding approach based on the use of <strong>Grasshopper<\/strong> and its <strong>Kangaroo<\/strong> plugin.<\/p>\n<p>The principle is simple: by applying forces (pressure, traction, gravity) and constraints (edges, elasticity, flatness) to an initial mesh, the model evolves until it finds a balanced form.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of this theatre, three parameters guided the generation of the surface:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>position of the constrained edges, external and internal to the cones;<\/li>\n<li>stiffness of the mesh, which can be modulated in the various areas of the surface to accentuate the verticality at the cones;<\/li>\n<li>force field, to modulate the extent and direction of the surface deformation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Thanks to this method, each input change automatically updated the overall surface, eliminating discontinuities and returning a continuous and harmonious covering.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"btx-item js-item-gallery btx-gallery btx-gallery--carousel\" data-popup=\"true\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-content\" style=\"margin:0 -2px;\" data-display=\"2\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-item btx-col-6\" style=\"padding:0 2px;\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-body\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_06-1.webp\" class=\"btx-gallery-media\"  title=\"\"><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper\" ><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper-inner\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_06-1-1067x800.webp\" alt=\"\"  width=\"1067\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_06-1-1067x800.webp 1067w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_06-1-911x683.webp 911w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_06-1-683x512.webp 683w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_06-1-455x341.webp 455w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_06-1-267x200.webp 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 100vw, 50vw\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"btx-gallery-item btx-col-6\" style=\"padding:0 2px;\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-body\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_05-2.webp\" class=\"btx-gallery-media\"  title=\"\"><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper\" ><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper-inner\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_05-2-1067x800.webp\" alt=\"\"  width=\"1067\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_05-2-1067x800.webp 1067w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_05-2-911x683.webp 911w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_05-2-683x512.webp 683w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_05-2-455x341.webp 455w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_05-2-267x200.webp 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 100vw, 50vw\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Geometric challenges: from flat surfaces to complex shapes<\/h2>\n<p>In an ideal case, <strong>the 3D mesh can be generated from a rectangular surface<\/strong>: regular triangulation, second layer obtained with a simple offset and connecting diagonals.<\/p>\n<p>However, the <strong>roof of the Abano theatre is not a regular surface<\/strong>. Its shape, which can be traced back to three deformed cones joined together, would have generated meshes that were too irregular and unworkable nodes, with rods of uneven lengths and angles.<\/p>\n<p>To overcome these critical issues, it was necessary to develop a <strong>parametric approach capable of producing a continuous geometry<\/strong> that was optimised and consistent with the construction and material constraints.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>The generation of the structural mesh<\/h2>\n<p>Once the guide surface had been defined, the first layer, intended to accommodate the fabric, was <strong>triangulated<\/strong>. The length of the rods was checked using a <strong>circle packing<\/strong> algorithm to ensure uniformity in the length of the rods and regularity of the nodes.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>second layer<\/strong> was generated using a<strong> progressive, non-constant offset<\/strong> that varies according to the distance from the edges and cones. Here too, the parametric approach allowed irregularities to be corrected manually, maintaining a balance between automation and design control.<\/p>\n<p>The complete structure\u2014first layer, second layer, and diagonals\u2014was then verified using FEM calculations.<\/p>\n<p>Once the modelling was complete, the structure was exported to <strong>Revit<\/strong> via a direct link with <strong>Rhino<\/strong>, so that the <strong>parametric model could be integrated into the BIM process<\/strong>. This step made it possible to coordinate all disciplines and produce the final documentation.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-15507 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_04-3.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_04-3.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_04-3-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_04-3-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_04-3-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_04-3-512x341.webp 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>The main advantages of parametric design<\/h2>\n<p>The adoption of parametric design, supported by the use of <strong>Grasshopper<\/strong> and form finding with <strong>Kangaroo<\/strong>, made it possible to tackle a complex process such as that of the Abano Theatre in a much more fluid and effective manner. The modelling of the reference surface, the basis for the subsequent grid, was managed dynamically: each variation in the three main inputs generated an immediate and consistent update of the entire model, without the need to manually correct individual points.<\/p>\n<p>This approach offered several concrete advantages: fast and repeatable modelling, which significantly reduced development times; optimised global logic, capable of replacing most manual interventions with a consistent and automated system; and, finally, aesthetic and <strong>structural optimisation<\/strong>, as the model was recreated each time in its ideal arch\/dome shape, ensuring a balance between architectural expressiveness and construction feasibility.<\/p>\n<div class=\"btx-item js-item-gallery btx-gallery btx-gallery--carousel\" data-popup=\"true\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-content\" style=\"margin:0 -2px;\" data-display=\"2\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-item btx-col-6\" style=\"padding:0 2px;\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-body\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_07-1.webp\" class=\"btx-gallery-media\"  title=\"\"><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper\" ><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper-inner\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_07-1-1067x800.webp\" alt=\"\"  width=\"1067\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_07-1-1067x800.webp 1067w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_07-1-911x683.webp 911w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_07-1-683x512.webp 683w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_07-1-455x341.webp 455w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_07-1-267x200.webp 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 100vw, 50vw\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"btx-gallery-item btx-col-6\" style=\"padding:0 2px;\"><div class=\"btx-gallery-body\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1.webp\" class=\"btx-gallery-media\"  title=\"\"><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper\" ><div class=\"btx-media-wrapper-inner\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1-1067x800.webp\" alt=\"\"  width=\"1067\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1-1067x800.webp 1067w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1-911x683.webp 911w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1-683x512.webp 683w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1-455x341.webp 455w, https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2_08-1-267x200.webp 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width:767px) 100vw, 50vw\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The Abano Theatre project demonstrates how<strong> parametric design<\/strong> is a method for tackling complex geometries, reconciling aesthetics, efficiency and constructability, as already demonstrated in other projects carried out by Incide, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/grand-theatre-rabat-parametric-design\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Grand Theatre in Rabat<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/industrial-building-parameterisation-process\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">parameterisation of industrial buildings<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks to form finding, optimised triangulation and collaboration between the various players, the reticular structure has become a concrete example of how technology can support architectural creativity and turn it into reality.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><div class=\"btx-item btx-button btx-button--border btx-button-hover--brand btx-button-size--small btx-button-color--basic btx-center-position\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/project\/multi-purpose-facility-padua-italy\/\" class=\"btnx\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"border-radius:4px; border-width:2px;\">FIND OUT THE PROJECT<\/a><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discover how parametric design made the lattice structure of the Abano Theatre possible, combining aesthetics, efficiency and construction feasibility.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":15458,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[168],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/SITO-WEB-Articolo-2-5.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15567","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15567"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15567\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15954,"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15567\/revisions\/15954"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.incide.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}